无线网卡的查看与配置——iw,iwconfig,ethtool

摘要:在linux上,我们经常需要把一台笔记本设置成一个共享wifi上网的路由器。如果我们需要把本机配置成一台无线AP,就需要查看网卡的相关信息和进行对应配置。其中iw、iwconfig和ethtool三个命令可以有效帮助我们完成这些问题。


1. iw


命令简介: iw – show / manipulate wireless devices and their configuration

用法:

$ iw wlan0 info
Interface wlan0
ifindex 3
type managed
wiphy 2

其中,wlan0这个无限网卡,设备索引号是3,链接类型是managed(单点对ap的连接模式),wiphy类型是2.


2.iwconfig


命令简介: iwconfig – configure a wireless network interface

用法:

用法: iwconfig interface [essid {NN|on|off}]

[nwid {NN|on|off}]

[mode {managed|ad-hoc|…}

[freq N.NNNN[k|M|G]]

[channel N]

[ap {N|off|auto}]

[sens N]

[nick N]

[rate {N|auto|fixed}]

[rts {N|auto|fixed|off}]

[frag {N|auto|fixed|off}]

[enc {NNNN-NNNN|off}]

[power {period N|timeout N}]

[retry {limit N|lifetime N}]

[txpower N {mW|dBm}]

[commit]

示例:

essid设置:#iwconfig eth0 essid any 允许任何ESSID,也就是混杂模式

nickname设置:#iwconfig eth0 nickname “My Linux Node”

工作模式设置:#iwconfig eth0 mode Managed(注意,不是所有的网卡都能支持所有的工作模式)

3、ethtool


命令简介: ethtool – query or control network driver and hardware settings

命令用法:

 

ethtool ethX //查询ethX网口基本设置

ethtool –h //显示ethtool的命令帮助(help)

ethtool –i ethX //查询ethX网口的相关信息

ethtool –d ethX //查询ethX网口注册性信息

ethtool –r ethX //重置ethX网口到自适应模式

ethtool –S ethX //查询ethX网口收发包统计

ethtool –s ethX [speed 10|100|1000] //设置网口速率10/100/1000M

[duplex half|full] //设置网口半/全双工

[autoneg on|off] //设置网口是否自协商

[port tp|aui|bnc|mii] //设置网口类型

[phyad N]

[xcvr internal|exteral]

[wol p|u|m|b|a|g|s|d…]

[sopass xx:yy:zz:aa:bb:cc]

[msglvl N]

使用实例:

 

举例:

0)查看网卡驱动等信息:

hyk@hyk-linux:~
$ ethtool -i wlan0
driver: iwlwifi
version: 3.10.9
firmware-version: 39.31.5.1 build 35138
bus-info: 0000:08:00.0
supports-statistics: yes
supports-test: no
supports-eeprom-access: no
supports-register-dump: no

1)[root@linux /]# ethtool eth1

Settings for eth1:

Supported ports: [ TP ]

Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full

100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full

1000baseT/Full

Supports auto-negotiation: Yes

Advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full

100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full

1000baseT/Full

Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes

Speed: 1000Mb/s

Duplex: Full

Port: Twisted Pair

PHYAD: 0

Transceiver: internal

Auto-negotiation: on

Supports Wake-on: umbg

Wake-on: d

Link detected: yes

2)[root@linux /]# ethtool -i eth1

driver: e1000

version: 5.0.43-k1

firmware-version: N/A

bus-info: 06:08.1

3)[root@linux /]# ethtool -S eth1

NIC statistics:

rx_packets: 58068300

tx_packets: 87124083

rx_bytes: 1589713008

tx_bytes: 2165825901

rx_errors: 0

tx_errors: 0

rx_dropped: 0

tx_dropped: 0

multicast: 0

collisions: 0

rx_length_errors: 0

rx_over_errors: 0

rx_crc_errors: 0

rx_frame_errors: 0

rx_fifo_errors: 0

rx_missed_errors: 0

tx_aborted_errors: 0

tx_carrier_errors: 0

tx_fifo_errors: 0

tx_heartbeat_errors: 0

tx_window_errors: 0

4)[root@linux /]# ethtool -s eth1 autoneg off speed 100 duplex full


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