iOS 5及其以后提供了一个比较强大的工具UIAppearance,我们通过UIAppearance设置一些UI的全局效果,这样就可以很方便的实现UI的自定义效果又能最简单的实现统一界面风格,但是需要注意使用细则:
但是它并不是支持所有的UI类。下面列出它支持的类
1.UIActivitiIndicatorView
2.UIBarButtonItem
3.UIBarItem
4.UINavgationBar
5.UIPopoverControll
6.UIProgressView
7.UISearchBar
8.UISegmentControll
9.UISlider
10.UISwitch
11.UITabBar
12.UITabBarItem
13.UIToolBar
14.UIView
15.UIViewController
1、控件遵守了UIAppearance协议,才能对控件进行appearance设置
2、只有被UI_APPEARANCE_SELECTOR这个宏修饰的属性才能使用appearance进行设置,其他属性则不具备该功能
3、appearance设置需要在该控制显示之前设置完成,否则可能无效
它提供如下两个方法:
+ id)appearance;
这个方法是统一全部改,比如你设置UINavigationBar的tintColor,你可以这样写:
[[UINavigationBar appearance] setTintColor:myColor];
+ id)appearanceWhenContainedIn:Class <>)ContainerClass,...
这个方法可设置某个类的改变,例如:
设置UIBarButtonItem 在UINavigationBar、UIPopoverController、UITabbar中的效果,就可以这样写:
[[UIBarButtonItem appearanceWhenContainedIn:[UINavigationBar class],
[UIPopoverController class],[UITabbar class],nil] setTintColor:myColor];
请注意:使用appearance设置UI效果最好采用全局的设置,在所有界面初始化前开始设置,否则可能失效。
具体UI外观修改如下:
1.修改导航栏背景
代码如下:
UINavigationBar * appearance = [UINavigationBar appearance];
UIImage *navBgImg =[UIImage imageNamed:@"bgImage"];
[appearance setBackgroundImage:navBgImg forBarMetrics:
UIBarMetricsDefault];
2.标签栏(UITabbar)
代码如下:
UITabBar *appearance = [UITabBar appearance];
//设置背景图片
[appearance setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"bgImage"]];
//设置选择item的背景图片
UIImage * selectedImage =[[UIImage imageNamed:@"sliderImage"]
resizableImageWithCapInsets:UIEdgeInsetsMake2, 2, 2, 2)] ;
[appearance setSelectionIndicatorImage:selectedImage];
3.分段控件(UISegmentControl)
代码如下:
UISegmentedControl *appearance = [UISegmentedControl appearance];
//Segmenteg正常背景
[appearance setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"image"]
forState:UIControlStateNormal
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
//Segmente选中背景
[appearance setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"bgImage"]
forState:UIControlStateSelected
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
/*
Segmente左右都未选中时的分割线
BarMetrics表示navigation bar的状态,UIBarMetricsDefault 表示
portrait状态(44pixel height),UIBarMetricsLandscapePhone
表示landscape状态(32pixel height
*/
[appearance setDividerImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"line"]
forLeftSegmentState:UIControlStateNormal
rightSegmentState:UIControlStateNormal
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
[appearance setDividerImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"line"]
forLeftSegmentState:UIControlStateSelected
rightSegmentState:UIControlStateNormal
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
[appearance setDividerImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"line"]
forLeftSegmentState:UIControlStateNormal
rightSegmentState:UIControlStateSelected
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
//字体
NSDictionary *textAtt1 = @{
NSFontAttributeName: [UIFont systemFontOfSize:18],
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor blueColor],
NSShadowAttributeName: [UIColor whiteColor]};
[appearance setTitleTextAttributes:textAtt1 forState:1];
NSDictionary *textAtt2 = @{
NSFontAttributeName: [UIFont systemFontOfSize:18],
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor blueColor],
NSShadowAttributeName: [UIColor whiteColor]};
[appearance setTitleTextAttributes:textAtt2 forState:0];
4.UIBarbutton
注意:UIBarbutton有leftBarButton,rightBarButton和backBarButton,其中backBarButton由于带有箭头,需要单独设置。barButton背景设置是ios6.0及以后的,而backbutton是ios5.0及以后的,这里要注意!
代码如下:
//修改导航条上的UIBarButtonItem
UIBarButtonItem *appearance = [UIBarButtonItem appearanceWhenContainedIn:
[UINavigationBar class], nil];
//设置导航栏的字体包括backBarButton和leftBarButton,rightBarButton的字体
NSDictionary *textAttributes = @{
NSFontAttributeName: [UIFont systemFontOfSize:18],
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor blueColor],
NSShadowAttributeName: [UIColor whiteColor]};
[appearance setTitleTextAttributes:textAttributes forState:1];
//forState为0时为下正常状态,为1时为点击状态。
//修改leftBarButton,rightBarButton背景效果
[appearance setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"image"]
forState:UIControlStateNormal
style:UIBarButtonItemStyleBordered
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
[appearance setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"image"]
forState:UIControlStateHighlighted
style:UIBarButtonItemStyleBordered
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
//backBarButton需要单独设置背景效果,只能在ios6.0以后才能用
[appearance setBackButtonBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"bgImage"]
forState:0
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
[appearance setBackButtonBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"image"]
forState:1
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
[appearance setBackButtonTitlePositionAdjustment:UIOffsetMake2, -1)
forBarMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
5.工具栏(UIToolbar)
UIToolbar *appearance = [UIToolbar appearance];
//样式和背景二选一即可,看需求了
//样式(黑色半透明,不透明等)设置
[appearance setBarStyle:UIBarStyleBlackTranslucent];
//背景设置
[appearance setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"bgImage"]
forToolbarPosition:UIToolbarPositionAny
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];